Caves at Lascaux, France
- Drawings and paintings on cave walls from the Paleolithic period (17,300 years old)
- Discovered in 1940 by four teenagers
- Depicting scenes of everyday life, hunting etc
- Scratched with animal bones, natural pigments
- From Pompeii (Italy) graffiti on wall
- Vulgar images
- Engraving of Kilroy on the World War II Memorial in Washington D.C
- UK slogan "wot no..."
- The humour is about where it is placed
- Where the Paris riots occurred
- Massive development for graffiti
- Largest general strike ever in France bringing the economy to a standstill
- Graffiti fuses the bodies together showing strength
1970's New York
- Spray can graffiti
- Evolves alongside hip hop culture
- Making the language of the streets visible
- Announcing a presence, and saying 'we will not be ignored
- The purpose of spraying tube carts is for the purpose that it is spreadable and the messages travel with them. Having a voice on the street and a way of asserting a presence.
- The hip hop scene and the disco scene were both around in the 1970's
- Preserved the anonymity of the person on the photograph putting graffiti on the wall
- A way of communicating a dissatisfaction with a difference in wealth in New York
- Messages sent from deprived areas to the more affluent areas
- 'The vast majority of these writers came from the most run down and neglected sections of New York'
- Starts as a graffiti artist and moves into the art school
- Neo expressionist painting
- Dies of Heroine overdose at 27
- He fused the idea of a written message and a visual message
- One of his graffiti projects was to produce phrases produced by SAMO (same old)
- They had a poetic but confusing style ('life is confusing at this point') an element of humour, asking us questions but not giving us the answer
- Appearing all over Manhatten
- Grows into a cult - people were looking for the phrases to appear
- In 1979 he kills the character - SAMO is dead
- Unauthored statement because we don't really know if it the same person producing these poetic phrases
- General Electric with waiter, 1984 - comment of capitalism
- One of Americas largest corporations
- Collaborated towards the end of his life, Basquiat died of a heroine overdose 18 months after Warhol
- One of his most famous symbols
- He is also a social activist as well as an artist
- Works in the street in the subway
- In 1981 he sketched his first chalk drawings on black paper and painted plastic, metal and found objects
- In 1984, Haring visited Australia and painted wall murals in Melbourne
- Gets commissions all over the world
- Other commissions - Rio, Paris, Berlin
- Often has a message about sexuality
- Working at a time when AIDS/HIV was a huge subject
- Popshop - closes in 2005 which was selling t-shirts, toys, posters bearing his signature images
- It was a celebrity hangout
- Closed because it was criticised for his commercialism and the fact he had already been commissioned
- Genre of word art used to make a social or political comment
- 'Broken Promises' - political misuse of space in the city
- Whilst people are homeless there are empty buildings
- Stencilled words on a wall
- You may not necessarily realise that what you are looking at is an artwork as we are so used to looking at messages
- Using digital art
- She makes phrases which state the obvious but at the same time prompt you to think about the obviousness
- 'Abuse of power comes as no surprise' - statements have an authority
- We don't know where the statements are coming from and who they are coming from
Graffiti from the Berlin wall
- Knocked down in 1989
- Lack of technology available in the Eastern bloc and lack of brands
- The symbolism of the wall coming down - at last we can have this influx of goods and technology
- Appeal to the youth buyer
- Distortion of the idea of graffiti in a sense that we are being reduced to visual style and there is no act of rebellion or claim of territory
- Jet Set Radio (2000-2003)
- Sideways New York
- Grand Theft Auto-tagging
- French artist, born 1969
- First mosaic mid 1990's Paris
- Mosaic tile which has permanency as it is weatherproof and more difficulr to remove than paper/paint
- Tiles are pixel like
- The 'invasion' spreads first across French cities then 22 countries worldwide
- Inspired by 70's and 80's game play
- In Montpellier - conceptual element: points on a map form a space invader - a form of real game play - sends you off on a mission to collect his work
- Banksy Kate Moss - inspired by Andy Warhol
- Shepard Fairey 2008
- Makes photographic portraits of members of the community
- Posting the photographs on the side of buildings
- The idea is to highlight the social realities of what it is like to live in Rio in a tough environment
- The mothers, sisters look down on the area in a protective way
- A commissioned piece of work
- The image covers the whole building and the building becomes part of the crown
- Sucking the globe dry through a straw - sucking the world's resources
- Social comment with some sort of agreement for it's production
- He is really well known for his anumated graffiti (2008) Figures move across buildings and come alive
- This was copied in the Vauxhall Corsa Ad in 2011 - man walks along the street with the car
- Founded as a graffiti crew in 1989 by Scien and Klor
- Have gradually turned their hands to illustration and design while maintaining their graffiti
- An example is that there are commissioned to produce a t-shirt - names of the ghettos on one side bringing attention to the split in the urban environment
- Tunnel walls in Leeds City Centre
- He uses stencils to blast off with a water jet the dirt on the walls
- Rather than adding to the environment which needs to be removed he does the opposite
- Producing a forest of trees in a very concrete jungle
- Beautifies them with a natural scene
- Made by a team of people
- Sound Clash record label
- Important aspect of graffiti as there in a crossing and erosion of boundaries. It can adapt a place and at the same time transcends it
- Art movement - a group of people who work worldwide and invide artists to leave a piece of art for people to take away in the street
- Portable and removable
- You put a label on the piece of work that you are leaving out so that the person knows that they can take it away
- Uses only black paint to produce silhouette on a billboard
- Responding to an existing environment - poster falling off the billboard
- The city becomes a backdrop for a shadow puppet show
- Seen as a stage where the narrative can be told
- No attempt by the audience to explain the story to us
- The plaster is knocked away from the brick to form a negative image in a sculptural relief
- Amsterdam
- Red stickers round a natural hole in plaster
- Bridges the gap between hyperealist art and hyperabstract art effortlessly
- Quiet statement almost inviting you to join the dots to make the image yourself
- Idea put forward that graffiti art is a way of escaping gender
- It doesn't matter whether you are male or female
- 'Diva' in pink and orange colours to show it is made by a woman
- Playing on feminisation of the street
- Cartoonist sexuality on the street
- Her style often incorporates an element of animal representation
- Mythical character
- Studied paiting and her characters contain a folk character reference
- JR places his work on the wall in Bethlehem
- An attempt to address the grimness of the object itself
- Asking people to pull faces to put on the wall
- Looking at the wall as an invitation of decoration
- Stencils the image of the girl with the balloons rising up above the top of the wall escaping it
- A dialogue - the idea of graffiti appearing and being added to 'Sister you need more'
- Indigenous folk art - mural of a political concern to free Palestine
- Ctrl+alt+delete - the impact of the wall has been most severe on rural communities - removing the wall through language
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